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- """Doctest for method/function calls.
- We're going the use these types for extra testing
- >>> from collections import UserList
- >>> from collections import UserDict
- We're defining four helper functions
- >>> def e(a,b):
- ... print(a, b)
- >>> def f(*a, **k):
- ... print(a, support.sortdict(k))
- >>> def g(x, *y, **z):
- ... print(x, y, support.sortdict(z))
- >>> def h(j=1, a=2, h=3):
- ... print(j, a, h)
- Argument list examples
- >>> f()
- () {}
- >>> f(1)
- (1,) {}
- >>> f(1, 2)
- (1, 2) {}
- >>> f(1, 2, 3)
- (1, 2, 3) {}
- >>> f(1, 2, 3, *(4, 5))
- (1, 2, 3, 4, 5) {}
- >>> f(1, 2, 3, *[4, 5])
- (1, 2, 3, 4, 5) {}
- >>> f(*[1, 2, 3], 4, 5)
- (1, 2, 3, 4, 5) {}
- >>> f(1, 2, 3, *UserList([4, 5]))
- (1, 2, 3, 4, 5) {}
- >>> f(1, 2, 3, *[4, 5], *[6, 7])
- (1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7) {}
- >>> f(1, *[2, 3], 4, *[5, 6], 7)
- (1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7) {}
- >>> f(*UserList([1, 2]), *UserList([3, 4]), 5, *UserList([6, 7]))
- (1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7) {}
- Here we add keyword arguments
- >>> f(1, 2, 3, **{'a':4, 'b':5})
- (1, 2, 3) {'a': 4, 'b': 5}
- >>> f(1, 2, **{'a': -1, 'b': 5}, **{'a': 4, 'c': 6})
- Traceback (most recent call last):
- ...
- TypeError: test.test_extcall.f() got multiple values for keyword argument 'a'
- >>> f(1, 2, **{'a': -1, 'b': 5}, a=4, c=6)
- Traceback (most recent call last):
- ...
- TypeError: test.test_extcall.f() got multiple values for keyword argument 'a'
- >>> f(1, 2, a=3, **{'a': 4}, **{'a': 5})
- Traceback (most recent call last):
- ...
- TypeError: test.test_extcall.f() got multiple values for keyword argument 'a'
- >>> f(1, 2, 3, *[4, 5], **{'a':6, 'b':7})
- (1, 2, 3, 4, 5) {'a': 6, 'b': 7}
- >>> f(1, 2, 3, x=4, y=5, *(6, 7), **{'a':8, 'b': 9})
- (1, 2, 3, 6, 7) {'a': 8, 'b': 9, 'x': 4, 'y': 5}
- >>> f(1, 2, 3, *[4, 5], **{'c': 8}, **{'a':6, 'b':7})
- (1, 2, 3, 4, 5) {'a': 6, 'b': 7, 'c': 8}
- >>> f(1, 2, 3, *(4, 5), x=6, y=7, **{'a':8, 'b': 9})
- (1, 2, 3, 4, 5) {'a': 8, 'b': 9, 'x': 6, 'y': 7}
- >>> f(1, 2, 3, **UserDict(a=4, b=5))
- (1, 2, 3) {'a': 4, 'b': 5}
- >>> f(1, 2, 3, *(4, 5), **UserDict(a=6, b=7))
- (1, 2, 3, 4, 5) {'a': 6, 'b': 7}
- >>> f(1, 2, 3, x=4, y=5, *(6, 7), **UserDict(a=8, b=9))
- (1, 2, 3, 6, 7) {'a': 8, 'b': 9, 'x': 4, 'y': 5}
- >>> f(1, 2, 3, *(4, 5), x=6, y=7, **UserDict(a=8, b=9))
- (1, 2, 3, 4, 5) {'a': 8, 'b': 9, 'x': 6, 'y': 7}
- Mix keyword arguments and dict unpacking
- >>> d1 = {'a':1}
- >>> d2 = {'c':3}
- >>> f(b=2, **d1, **d2)
- () {'a': 1, 'b': 2, 'c': 3}
- >>> f(**d1, b=2, **d2)
- () {'a': 1, 'b': 2, 'c': 3}
- >>> f(**d1, **d2, b=2)
- () {'a': 1, 'b': 2, 'c': 3}
- >>> f(**d1, b=2, **d2, d=4)
- () {'a': 1, 'b': 2, 'c': 3, 'd': 4}
- Examples with invalid arguments (TypeErrors). We're also testing the function
- names in the exception messages.
- Verify clearing of SF bug #733667
- >>> e(c=4)
- Traceback (most recent call last):
- ...
- TypeError: e() got an unexpected keyword argument 'c'
- >>> g()
- Traceback (most recent call last):
- ...
- TypeError: g() missing 1 required positional argument: 'x'
- >>> g(*())
- Traceback (most recent call last):
- ...
- TypeError: g() missing 1 required positional argument: 'x'
- >>> g(*(), **{})
- Traceback (most recent call last):
- ...
- TypeError: g() missing 1 required positional argument: 'x'
- >>> g(1)
- 1 () {}
- >>> g(1, 2)
- 1 (2,) {}
- >>> g(1, 2, 3)
- 1 (2, 3) {}
- >>> g(1, 2, 3, *(4, 5))
- 1 (2, 3, 4, 5) {}
- >>> class Nothing: pass
- ...
- >>> g(*Nothing())
- Traceback (most recent call last):
- ...
- TypeError: test.test_extcall.g() argument after * must be an iterable, not Nothing
- >>> class Nothing:
- ... def __len__(self): return 5
- ...
- >>> g(*Nothing())
- Traceback (most recent call last):
- ...
- TypeError: test.test_extcall.g() argument after * must be an iterable, not Nothing
- >>> class Nothing():
- ... def __len__(self): return 5
- ... def __getitem__(self, i):
- ... if i<3: return i
- ... else: raise IndexError(i)
- ...
- >>> g(*Nothing())
- 0 (1, 2) {}
- >>> class Nothing:
- ... def __init__(self): self.c = 0
- ... def __iter__(self): return self
- ... def __next__(self):
- ... if self.c == 4:
- ... raise StopIteration
- ... c = self.c
- ... self.c += 1
- ... return c
- ...
- >>> g(*Nothing())
- 0 (1, 2, 3) {}
- Check for issue #4806: Does a TypeError in a generator get propagated with the
- right error message? (Also check with other iterables.)
- >>> def broken(): raise TypeError("myerror")
- ...
- >>> g(*(broken() for i in range(1)))
- Traceback (most recent call last):
- ...
- TypeError: myerror
- >>> g(*range(1), *(broken() for i in range(1)))
- Traceback (most recent call last):
- ...
- TypeError: myerror
- >>> class BrokenIterable1:
- ... def __iter__(self):
- ... raise TypeError('myerror')
- ...
- >>> g(*BrokenIterable1())
- Traceback (most recent call last):
- ...
- TypeError: myerror
- >>> g(*range(1), *BrokenIterable1())
- Traceback (most recent call last):
- ...
- TypeError: myerror
- >>> class BrokenIterable2:
- ... def __iter__(self):
- ... yield 0
- ... raise TypeError('myerror')
- ...
- >>> g(*BrokenIterable2())
- Traceback (most recent call last):
- ...
- TypeError: myerror
- >>> g(*range(1), *BrokenIterable2())
- Traceback (most recent call last):
- ...
- TypeError: myerror
- >>> class BrokenSequence:
- ... def __getitem__(self, idx):
- ... raise TypeError('myerror')
- ...
- >>> g(*BrokenSequence())
- Traceback (most recent call last):
- ...
- TypeError: myerror
- >>> g(*range(1), *BrokenSequence())
- Traceback (most recent call last):
- ...
- TypeError: myerror
- Make sure that the function doesn't stomp the dictionary
- >>> d = {'a': 1, 'b': 2, 'c': 3}
- >>> d2 = d.copy()
- >>> g(1, d=4, **d)
- 1 () {'a': 1, 'b': 2, 'c': 3, 'd': 4}
- >>> d == d2
- True
- What about willful misconduct?
- >>> def saboteur(**kw):
- ... kw['x'] = 'm'
- ... return kw
- >>> d = {}
- >>> kw = saboteur(a=1, **d)
- >>> d
- {}
- >>> g(1, 2, 3, **{'x': 4, 'y': 5})
- Traceback (most recent call last):
- ...
- TypeError: g() got multiple values for argument 'x'
- >>> f(**{1:2})
- Traceback (most recent call last):
- ...
- TypeError: keywords must be strings
- >>> h(**{'e': 2})
- Traceback (most recent call last):
- ...
- TypeError: h() got an unexpected keyword argument 'e'
- >>> h(*h)
- Traceback (most recent call last):
- ...
- TypeError: test.test_extcall.h() argument after * must be an iterable, not function
- >>> h(1, *h)
- Traceback (most recent call last):
- ...
- TypeError: Value after * must be an iterable, not function
- >>> h(*[1], *h)
- Traceback (most recent call last):
- ...
- TypeError: Value after * must be an iterable, not function
- >>> dir(*h)
- Traceback (most recent call last):
- ...
- TypeError: dir() argument after * must be an iterable, not function
- >>> nothing = None
- >>> nothing(*h)
- Traceback (most recent call last):
- ...
- TypeError: None argument after * must be an iterable, \
- not function
- >>> h(**h)
- Traceback (most recent call last):
- ...
- TypeError: test.test_extcall.h() argument after ** must be a mapping, not function
- >>> h(**[])
- Traceback (most recent call last):
- ...
- TypeError: test.test_extcall.h() argument after ** must be a mapping, not list
- >>> h(a=1, **h)
- Traceback (most recent call last):
- ...
- TypeError: test.test_extcall.h() argument after ** must be a mapping, not function
- >>> h(a=1, **[])
- Traceback (most recent call last):
- ...
- TypeError: test.test_extcall.h() argument after ** must be a mapping, not list
- >>> h(**{'a': 1}, **h)
- Traceback (most recent call last):
- ...
- TypeError: test.test_extcall.h() argument after ** must be a mapping, not function
- >>> h(**{'a': 1}, **[])
- Traceback (most recent call last):
- ...
- TypeError: test.test_extcall.h() argument after ** must be a mapping, not list
- >>> dir(**h)
- Traceback (most recent call last):
- ...
- TypeError: dir() argument after ** must be a mapping, not function
- >>> nothing(**h)
- Traceback (most recent call last):
- ...
- TypeError: None argument after ** must be a mapping, \
- not function
- >>> dir(b=1, **{'b': 1})
- Traceback (most recent call last):
- ...
- TypeError: dir() got multiple values for keyword argument 'b'
- Test a kwargs mapping with duplicated keys.
- >>> from collections.abc import Mapping
- >>> class MultiDict(Mapping):
- ... def __init__(self, items):
- ... self._items = items
- ...
- ... def __iter__(self):
- ... return (k for k, v in self._items)
- ...
- ... def __getitem__(self, key):
- ... for k, v in self._items:
- ... if k == key:
- ... return v
- ... raise KeyError(key)
- ...
- ... def __len__(self):
- ... return len(self._items)
- ...
- ... def keys(self):
- ... return [k for k, v in self._items]
- ...
- ... def values(self):
- ... return [v for k, v in self._items]
- ...
- ... def items(self):
- ... return [(k, v) for k, v in self._items]
- ...
- >>> g(**MultiDict([('x', 1), ('y', 2)]))
- 1 () {'y': 2}
- >>> g(**MultiDict([('x', 1), ('x', 2)]))
- Traceback (most recent call last):
- ...
- TypeError: test.test_extcall.g() got multiple values for keyword argument 'x'
- >>> g(a=3, **MultiDict([('x', 1), ('x', 2)]))
- Traceback (most recent call last):
- ...
- TypeError: test.test_extcall.g() got multiple values for keyword argument 'x'
- >>> g(**MultiDict([('a', 3)]), **MultiDict([('x', 1), ('x', 2)]))
- Traceback (most recent call last):
- ...
- TypeError: test.test_extcall.g() got multiple values for keyword argument 'x'
- Another helper function
- >>> def f2(*a, **b):
- ... return a, b
- >>> d = {}
- >>> for i in range(512):
- ... key = 'k%d' % i
- ... d[key] = i
- >>> a, b = f2(1, *(2,3), **d)
- >>> len(a), len(b), b == d
- (3, 512, True)
- >>> class Foo:
- ... def method(self, arg1, arg2):
- ... return arg1+arg2
- >>> x = Foo()
- >>> Foo.method(*(x, 1, 2))
- 3
- >>> Foo.method(x, *(1, 2))
- 3
- >>> Foo.method(*(1, 2, 3))
- 5
- >>> Foo.method(1, *[2, 3])
- 5
- A PyCFunction that takes only positional parameters should allow an
- empty keyword dictionary to pass without a complaint, but raise a
- TypeError if te dictionary is not empty
- >>> try:
- ... silence = id(1, *{})
- ... True
- ... except:
- ... False
- True
- >>> id(1, **{'foo': 1})
- Traceback (most recent call last):
- ...
- TypeError: id() takes no keyword arguments
- A corner case of keyword dictionary items being deleted during
- the function call setup. See <http://bugs.python.org/issue2016>.
- >>> class Name(str):
- ... def __eq__(self, other):
- ... try:
- ... del x[self]
- ... except KeyError:
- ... pass
- ... return str.__eq__(self, other)
- ... def __hash__(self):
- ... return str.__hash__(self)
- >>> x = {Name("a"):1, Name("b"):2}
- >>> def f(a, b):
- ... print(a,b)
- >>> f(**x)
- 1 2
- Too many arguments:
- >>> def f(): pass
- >>> f(1)
- Traceback (most recent call last):
- ...
- TypeError: f() takes 0 positional arguments but 1 was given
- >>> def f(a): pass
- >>> f(1, 2)
- Traceback (most recent call last):
- ...
- TypeError: f() takes 1 positional argument but 2 were given
- >>> def f(a, b=1): pass
- >>> f(1, 2, 3)
- Traceback (most recent call last):
- ...
- TypeError: f() takes from 1 to 2 positional arguments but 3 were given
- >>> def f(*, kw): pass
- >>> f(1, kw=3)
- Traceback (most recent call last):
- ...
- TypeError: f() takes 0 positional arguments but 1 positional argument (and 1 keyword-only argument) were given
- >>> def f(*, kw, b): pass
- >>> f(1, 2, 3, b=3, kw=3)
- Traceback (most recent call last):
- ...
- TypeError: f() takes 0 positional arguments but 3 positional arguments (and 2 keyword-only arguments) were given
- >>> def f(a, b=2, *, kw): pass
- >>> f(2, 3, 4, kw=4)
- Traceback (most recent call last):
- ...
- TypeError: f() takes from 1 to 2 positional arguments but 3 positional arguments (and 1 keyword-only argument) were given
- Too few and missing arguments:
- >>> def f(a): pass
- >>> f()
- Traceback (most recent call last):
- ...
- TypeError: f() missing 1 required positional argument: 'a'
- >>> def f(a, b): pass
- >>> f()
- Traceback (most recent call last):
- ...
- TypeError: f() missing 2 required positional arguments: 'a' and 'b'
- >>> def f(a, b, c): pass
- >>> f()
- Traceback (most recent call last):
- ...
- TypeError: f() missing 3 required positional arguments: 'a', 'b', and 'c'
- >>> def f(a, b, c, d, e): pass
- >>> f()
- Traceback (most recent call last):
- ...
- TypeError: f() missing 5 required positional arguments: 'a', 'b', 'c', 'd', and 'e'
- >>> def f(a, b=4, c=5, d=5): pass
- >>> f(c=12, b=9)
- Traceback (most recent call last):
- ...
- TypeError: f() missing 1 required positional argument: 'a'
- Same with keyword only args:
- >>> def f(*, w): pass
- >>> f()
- Traceback (most recent call last):
- ...
- TypeError: f() missing 1 required keyword-only argument: 'w'
- >>> def f(*, a, b, c, d, e): pass
- >>> f()
- Traceback (most recent call last):
- ...
- TypeError: f() missing 5 required keyword-only arguments: 'a', 'b', 'c', 'd', and 'e'
- """
- import doctest
- import unittest
- from test import support
- def load_tests(loader, tests, pattern):
- tests.addTest(doctest.DocTestSuite())
- return tests
- if __name__ == '__main__':
- unittest.main()
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